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Why are tungsten carbide dies the best option for fastener production?

Publication date:

2025-04-18

Author:

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Tungsten carbide (WC-Co) dies are the best choice for cold heading and thread-forming stamping due to their ultra-high hardness, wear resistance, and long service life.
The hardness of tungsten carbide (WC-Co) reaches HRA 90-94, which is more than twice that of high-speed steel (HRC 60-65). Its wear resistance is 10-20 times greater than alloy steel molds, making it particularly suitable for processing stainless steel, titanium alloys, and other high-hardness materials.

When producing M6 screws, the lifespan of the cemented carbide mold can exceed 1 million cycles, whereas the steel mold lasts only 5 to 10 million cycles. The mold tolerance can be controlled within ± 0.005 mm, ensuring consistent thread engagement and head dimensions. The surface roughness Ra is as low as −0.2 ≤ μm, eliminating the need for subsequent polishing. Currently, automotive engine bolts, aerospace fasteners, and other high-end applications increasingly rely on carbide molds as the standard choice.

The advantage of the carbide mold's stability is extremely high—its compressive strength reaches up to 6000 MPa—and the cold heading process results in almost no plastic deformation.
The temperature resistance exceeds 1200°C, making it suitable for high-speed continuous stamping (e.g., cold-processing machines operating at more than 300 cycles per minute). Steel molds may experience deformation of 0.02 mm after 2 hours of continuous operation, whereas tungsten carbide molds exhibit deformation of less than 0.002 mm. Additionally, tungsten carbide molds can be sharpened repeatedly—typically 3 to 5 times—each time retaining about 90% of their original performance.

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